Spanish History Since 1808
Portsmouth History
Portsmouth is commonly regarded as having been founded in 1180 by John of Gisors, although there have been settlements in the area before from Roman times, mostly because of Portchester stems. John of Gisors bought the mansion of Buckland, while the protected harbor gave shelter to merchant vessels and ideal location for trade with Normandy.
In 1194, King Richard I returned from captivity by Duke Leopold V of Austria and began to call a fleet and army to Portsmouth, who had taken over from John of Gisors.
On May 2, 1194, King Richard I gave Portsmouth its first Royal Charter granting for permission to hold an annual market of fifteen days and the exemption from payment of annual fee of £ 18 a year which could now be spent on local affairs.
In 1200 a new charter was issued by King John, reaffirming the rights and privileges granted by King Richard. Portsmouth was established as a permanent naval base as a result the desire of King John to invade Normandy. 1212 saw the start of construction on the docks for the first time in Portsmouth.
During the 13th century it was common to Portsmouth used by Henry III and Edward I as a base to attack France.
In the 14th century, Portsmouth was invaded by the French on four occasions. The first in 1338 when embarked on the docks under the English flag, nobody will notice until it was too late. Ten years later the city was beaten by the plague known as Black's Death. The French then sacked the city in 1369.1377 and 1380 to prevent recovering.
In 1418, Henry V was the first king decided to build a permanent fortification in Portsmouth. He ordered a round wooden tower to be built at the mouth of the port, was completed in 1426.
It was not until Henry VIII that the defense was delt seriously. He ordered the round tower were rebuilt in stone and a square tower built. At this time also began construction on the first dry dock in the country. In 1527, with money from the dissolution of the monasteries Henry VIII built the fort of Southsea Castle.
In 1545, Henry VIII was a founder Maryrose Flagship Southsea Castle while taking action against the French fleet, with the loss of more than 500 lives.
In the 18th century regular wars, mainly with the French, meant the yard bloomed. The houses were built outside the city walls at Portsea to the house of the rising population. Trade Portsmouth increased rapidly and with it prosperity cities.
At the beginning of the 19th century became Portsmouth and Portsea increasingly overcrowded and the proliferation of housing through more of the island including the most fashionable neighborhoods in the south Southsea.
In 1805 Admiral Lord Nelson left Portsmouth for the final time to command the fleet that would defeat the larger Franco – Spanish fleet at Trafalgar. Since 1808 the Royal Navy West Africa Squadron operated from Portsmouth, and that they managed to stop the slave trade.
As always, the presence of shipyards in Portsmouth was a prime target for attack and in 1916 the city experienced its first aerial bombardment when a Zeppelin airship is bombed during the Second World War 1.
During World War 2, again was devastated Portsmouth by air, between July 1940 and July 1944 the city was attacked 67 times, 930 dead and many wounded.
On June 6, 1944 saw the shipment of the D-Day landings of beach and the port of Portsmouth Southsea. To the north, Southwick house had been chosen as the headquarters of the Supreme Allied Commander, U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, during the Day D.
About the Author
Matt Land
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